Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: Immunoassays of steroids are still used in the diagnosis and biochemical monitoring of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21 OHD). However, high levels of steroid intermediates can promote cross-reactivity between steroids giving rise to falsely elevated levels.Design: Fifty-nine patients with classic 21OHD (38 women) were studied. Blood samples were collected in the morning after overnight medicatio...

Introduction: Autoimmune Addison disease requires lifelong glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement. Optimal therapy is not standardized and must balance adequate hormone substitution with prevention of treatment-related complications.Objective: Assessment of patients followed at our department: epidemiology, associated conditions, treatment, cumulative hydrocortisone dose and comorbidities.Methods: Review of clinical recor...

Introduction: The aim of our study was to assess the values of total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and triglycerides before and after treatment with metformin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and normal lean.Material and methods: 32 patients received metformin 1500 mg/day in three divided doses. Lipids measurements were performed to each patient with PCOS twice: before and after 6 months of treatment with metformin.Res...

The nuclear Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (TGR5) are bile acids receptors that play a key role in energy metabolism. In an animal model of non-genomic metabolic syndrome (MetS), obtained with a high fat diet (HFD), treatment with the dual FXR/TGR5 agonist INT767 reduced visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation, insulin resistance, hypercholesterolemia and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In liver, INT767 reduced the high macrop...

Background: IRS2-deficient (IRS2-/-) mice are considered a good model to analyze the development of diabetes as some of them present an increase in glycemia comparable to that observed in diabetes onset in humans, whereas a high proportion of these mice do not develop diabetes. Energy homeostasis regulation by the hypothalamus can be disturbed by an inflammatory environment, which predisposes an individual to the onset of diabetes. Saturated fatty acids induce hypot...

Introduction: Secondary causes of diabetes refer to a category in which diabetes is associated with other diseases. They are thought to constitute less than 2% of the total cases of diabetes.Case report: A 56 year-old caucasian man, with no relevant medical history, presented to the Emergency Department with fatigue, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and involuntary weight loss (6 kg in two weeks). He was hemodynamically stable and exhibited a glycaemia o...

Background: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of energy homeostasis and thermogenesis. This tissue responds to insulin, favoring the expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), that in turn is inhibited by insulin-desensitizing cytokines. Leptin may abolish some of the effects of fasting on these parameters through its cross-talk with insulin-related signaling targets.Objectives: We hypothesized that leptin infusion preven...

Introduction: Multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare heterogeneous disorder caused by accumulation in multiple organs of dendritic cells phenotypically similar to cutaneous Langerhans cells. Pituitary involvement is present in about 25% of cases, and central diabetes insipidus is the most common deficit in that setting. Panhypopituitarism is rare, but hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction is amongst the most frequent long-term complications of the disease.<...

Hyponatremia can unmask hypopituitarism and secondary adrenal insufficiency due to potent non-osmotic stimulation of vasopressin release under stressful conditions. Patients and methods: In a retrospective study 25 patients (13f/12m, age 58.9±18.6 years) with hyponatremia (119.7±10.5 mmol/l) were identified among 260 in-patients treated for hypopituitarism in our department over a decade. Results: Hyponatremia was recorded in 9.6% of our patients. In 84% it was the k...

: Hyperinsulinemia is one of biochemical features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metformin is a common drug used in PCOS. Recent studies have shown that metformin has impact on clinical and biochemical parameters in PCOS patients. The aim of our study was to assess retrospectively the influence of metformin on total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and free androgen index (FAI) in women with PCOS in polish cohort. A total of 54 patients with PCOS and irr...